CHAPTER NINE
RĀJA-VIDYĀ-GUHYA-YOGA
THE SECRET OF DEVOTION
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VERSES 1-3: KNOWLEDGE OF BHAKTI IS THE HIGHEST
9.1
Lord Kṛṣṇa says:
Arjuna because you are without envy, I shall reveal to you the most secret of all knowledge, along with the process of its immediate realisation, knowing which you shall be freed from the miseries of life.
śrī-bhagavān uvāca
idaṁ tu te guhyatamaṁ pravakṣyāmy-anasūyave |
jñānaṁ vijñāna sahitaṁ yat-jñātvā mokṣyase’śubhāt || 1 ||
9.2
This is the king of wisdom, the king of mysteries and the purest of knowledge. It grants direct experience of the Truth, it is based on dharma, it is easy to practise and is unfading.
rāja-vidyā rāja-guhyaṁ pavitram idam uttamam |
pratyakṣāvagamaṁ dharmyaṁ su-sukhaṁ kartum avyayam || 2 ||
9.3
Those who have no faith in this path, O Arjuna, remain in this cycle of birth and death without ever attaining Me.
aśraddadhānāḥ puruṣā dharmasyāsya parantapa |
aprāpya māṁ nivartante mṛtyu-saṁsāra vartmani || 3 ||
VERSES 4-10: KṚṢṆA’S RELATIONSHIP TO THE WORLD
9.4
This entire universe is pervaded by Me, in My unmanifest form. All beings are in Me, but I am not in them.
mayā tatam idaṁ sarvaṁ jagad avyakta mūrtinā |
mat-sthāni sarva bhūtāni na cāhaṁ teṣv-avasthitaḥ || 4 ||
9.5
And yet these beings are not in Me, such is My divine Mystery! I am the upholder of all beings and yet I am not in them. It is My will alone that causes their existence.
na ca mat-sthāni bhūtāni paśya me yogam aiśvaram |
bhūta-bhṛnna ca bhūtastho mamātmā bhūta-bhāvanaḥ || 5 ||
9.6
As the mighty wind moves everywhere, but always remains in space, in the same way you should understand how all beings rest in Me.
yathākāśa-sthito nityaṁ vāyuḥ sarvatrago mahān |
tathā sarvāṇi bhūtāni mat-sthānīty-upadhāraya || 6 ||
9.7
All beings, Arjuna, are withdrawn into My prakṛti [1] at the end of a cycle of time, and at the beginning of a new cycle, I send them forth again.
sarva bhūtāni kaunteya prakṛtiṁ yānti māmikām |
kalpa-kṣaye punas-tāni kalpādau visṛjāmy-aham || 7 ||
9.8
Using this prakṛti of Mine, I repeatedly send forth this multitude of beings. They are helpless, being under the control of prakṛti.
prakṛtiṁ svām-avaṣṭabhya visṛjāmi punaḥ punaḥ |
bhūta-grāmam imaṁ kṛtsnam avaśaṁ prakṛter-vaśāt || 8 ||
9.9
But these actions do not bind Me, Arjuna, for I am detached from them, remaining always indifferent.
na ca māṁ tāni karmāṇi nibadhnanti dhanañjaya |
udāsīnavad-āsīnam asaktaṁ teṣu karmasu || 9 ||
9.10
It is because of Me alone that this prakṛti produces all the moving and non-moving beings. It works under My direction, hence why the world exists as it does.
mayādhyakṣeṇa prakṛtiḥ sūyate sacarācaram |
hetunānena kaunteya jagad viparivartate || 10 ||
VERSES 11-15: RECOGNISING AND WORSHIPPING THE LORD
9.11
Fools disregard Me, appearing in a human form, not knowing My divine nature, as the Supreme Lord of all beings.
avajānanti māṁ mūḍhā mānuṣīṁ tanum-āśritam |
paraṁ bhāvam ajānanto mama bhūta-maheśvaram || 11 ||
9.12
The hopes, the actions and the knowledge of these foolish people are in vain. Being utterly deluded, they take on the nature of Asuras and Rākṣasas.
moghāśā mogha-karmāṇo mogha-jñānā vicetasaḥ |
rākṣasīm-āsurīṁ caiva prakṛtiṁ mohinīṁ śritāḥ || 12 ||
9.13
But the great souls, O Arjuna, share My divine nature. They adore Me, with a single mind, knowing Me to be the unchanging source of all beings.
mahātmān-astu māṁ pārtha daivīṁ prakṛtim-āśritāḥ |
bhajanty-ananya-manaso jñātvā-bhūtādim-avyayam || 13 ||
9.14
Constantly glorifying Me, taking up vows and bowing down before Me in devotion, they always engage in acts of worship.
satataṁ kīrtayanto māṁ yatantaśca dṛḍha-vratāḥ |
namasyantaśca māṁ bhaktyā nitya-yuktā upāsate || 14 ||
9.15
There are also others who make offerings in the sacrifice of knowledge. They worship Me as the One Being that has manifested in a variety of forms, with faces in different directions.
jñāna yajñena cāpyanye yajanto mām-upāsate |
ekatvena pṛthaktvena bahudhā viśvato-mukham || 15 ||
VERSES 16-19: THE IMMANENCE OF KṚṢṆA IN THE WORLD
9.16
I am the ritual; I am the sacrifice; I am the offerings made to the ancestors; I am the herbs; I am the mantra; I alone am the clarified butter; I am the fire; I am the offering itself.
ahaṁ kratur-ahaṁ yajñāḥ svadhāham aham auṣadham |
mantro’ham aham-evājyam aham-agnir-ahaṁ hutam || 16 ||
9.17
I am the Father, Mother, Support and Grandfather of this universe. I am the object of knowledge; I am the Purifier. I am the syllable oṁ and also the Ṛg Veda, Sāma Veda and the Yajur Veda.
pitāham-asya jagato mātā dhātā pitāmahaḥ |
vedyaṁ pavitram oṁkāra ṛk-sāma yajur-eva ca || 17 ||
9.18
I am the Goal, the Supporter, the Lord, the Witness, the Abode, the Refuge and the Friend of the universe. I am creation, destruction and the basis of everything. I am that which is preserved and the eternal seed.
gatir-bhartā prabhuḥ sākṣī nivāsaḥ śaraṇaṁ suhṛt |
prabhavaḥ pralayaḥ sthānaṁ nidhānaṁ bījam avyayam || 18 ||
9.19
O Arjuna, I am the one who gives heat; I send forth and hold back the rains; I am immortality as well as death; I am the manifest and the unmanifest.
tapāmyaham ahaṁ varṣaṁ nigṛhṇāmy utsṛjāmi ca |
amṛtaṁ caiva mṛtyuśca sadasac-cāham arjuna || 19 ||
VERSES 20-25: THE FATE OF THOSE WHO WORSHIP THE LESSER GODS
9.20
Those who are versed in the three Vedas, being purified from sin by drinking the soma juice, pray for heaven and worship Me with sacrifices.
After reaching that place where the king of the demigods resides, they enjoy celestial pleasures.
traividyā māṁ somapāḥ pūta-pāpa
yajñāir iṣṭvā svargatiṁ prārthayante |
te puṇyam āsādya surendra-lokam
aśnanti divyān divi deva-bhogān || 20 ||
9.21
Having enjoyed this vast realm of heaven, once their merit is exhausted, they return to the world of mortals.
As a result, those who follow the Vedic rituals and are motivated by desire, go to heaven temporarily before coming back.
te taṁ bhuktvā svarga-lokaṁ viśālaṁ
kṣīṇe puṇye martya-lokaṁ viśanti |
evaṁ trayī-dharmam anuprapannā
gatāgataṁ kāmakāmā labhante || 21 ||
9.22
But then there are those who adore Me alone with undeviating concentration. For those who yearn for Me in this way, I Myself take charge of their prosperity and welfare.
ananyāś-cintayanto māṁ ye janāḥ paryupāsate |
teṣāṁ nityābhiyuktānāṁ yoga-kṣemaṁ vahāmyaham || 22 ||
9.23
Understand, Arjuna, that even those who worship other demigods with faith, actually worship Me alone but in an improper way.
ye’pyanya-devatā-bhaktā yajante śraddhayānvitāḥ |
te’pi mām-eva kaunteya yajanty-avidhi-pūrvakam || 23 ||
9.24
For I alone am the enjoyer and the Lord of all sacrifices. But such people do not recognise Me in My true nature, hence they fall from the positions they attain.
ahaṁ hi sarva-yajñānāṁ bhoktā ca prabhur-eva ca |
na tu mām-abhijānanti tattvenātaś-cyavanti te || 24 ||
9.25
Those who worship the demigods, go to the demigods.
Those who worship the ancestors will go to the ancestors.
Those who worship the spirits will reach them.
But My devotees will come to Me.
yānti deva-vratā devān pitṝn-yānti pitṛ-vratāḥ |
bhūtāni yānti bhūtejyā yānti madyājino’pi mām || 25 ||
VERSE 26: KṚṢṆA ONLY WANTS THE LOVE OF THE DEVOTEE
9.26
Whoever offers to Me, with devotion, a leaf, a flower, a fruit or some water, I accept this offering made with devotion by one who is pure of heart.
patraṁ puṣpaṁ phalaṁ toyaṁ yo me bhaktyā prayacchati |
tad-ahaṁ bhakty-upahṛtam-aśnāmi prayatātmanaḥ || 26 ||
VERSES 27-33: THE POWER OF BHAKTI
9.27
Whatever you do, whatever you eat, whatever you offer in sacrifice, whatever you give away, whatever austerity you practise, O Arjuna, do it as an offering to Me.
yat-karoṣi yad-aśnāsi yaj-juhoṣi dadāsi yat |
yat-tapasyasi kaunteya tat-kuruṣva mad-arpaṇam || 27 ||
9.28
With a steadfast mind, engaged in this yoga, you will free yourself from good and bad results which are the bonds of karma. As a result, you will be liberated and you will come to Me.
śubhāśubha phalair-evaṁ mokṣyase karma-bandhanaiḥ |
sannyāsa yoga-yuktātmā vimukto mām-upaiṣyasi || 28 ||
9.29
I am the same to all beings; there is no one hated by Me nor is there anyone I am partial to; but those who worship Me with devotion live in Me and I in them.
samo’haṁ sarva-bhūteṣu na me dveṣyo’sti na priyaḥ |
ye bhajanti tu māṁ bhaktyā mayi te teṣu cāpyaham || 29 ||
9.30
If even the most sinful person worships Me exclusively, with devotion, he must be regarded as a saint, for he has rightly resolved.
api-cet sudurācāro bhajate mām-ananyabhāk |
sādhur-eva sa mantavyaḥ samyag-vyavasito hi saḥ || 30 ||
9.31
Quickly such a person becomes righteous and obtains everlasting peace. O Arjuna, let it be declared that My devotee never perishes.
kṣipraṁ bhavati dharmātmā śāśvacchāntiṁ nigacchati |
kaunteya prati-jānīhi na me bhaktaḥ praṇaśyati || 31 ||
9.32
By surrendering to Me, whatever their birth, race, sex, or caste, even those whom society scorns will attain the supreme state.
māṁ hi pārtha vyapāśritya ye’pi syuḥ pāpa-yonayaḥ |
striyo vaiśyās-tathā śūdrās-te’pi yānti parāṁ gatim || 32 ||
9.33
How much more, then, the brahmanas and royal sages who are pure and devoted to Me! Therefore, having come into this temporary world of suffering, you should worship Me.
kiṁ punar-brāhmaṇāḥ puṇyā bhaktā rājarṣayas-tathā |
anityam asukhaṁ lokam imaṁ prāpya bhajasva mām || 33 ||
VERSE 34: DEVOTION TAKES US TO THE GOAL
9.34
Focus your mind on Me, be devoted to Me, offer worship to Me, bow down to Me. Engaging your mind in this way, holding Me as the supreme goal, you will surely come to Me.
manmanā bhāva mad-bhakto mad-yājī māṁ namas-kuru |
māmevaiṣyasi yuktvaivam ātmānaṁ mat parāyaṇam || 34 ||
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